The Supreme Court held on March 3, 2020, that an undocumented immigrant who used a false Social Security Number (SSN) for I-9 employment verification purposes can be prosecuted by the state for using the false SSN on state employment tax forms. A majority of the Supreme Court justices decided that the Kansas law was not preempted by federal immigration law and rejected the argument that information placed on an I-9 form could never be used as evidence to support a state prosecution.

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